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1.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 36(2): 85-93, jun. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138539

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: En Chile, se estima que 8,5% de los adultos tiene riesgo elevado de síndrome de apnea e hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS). OBJETIVO: Estimar el riesgo de SAHOS en funcionarios de la salud. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se consignaron los datos clínicos, antropométricos, presión arterial, cuestionarios STOP-Bang (CSB), índice de Flemons y escalas de Epworth y de Thornton en trabajadores de Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 1.332 funcionarios, 77,1% mujeres, circunferencia de cuello: 35,7 ± 3,7 cm (26-54), circunferencia de cintura: 89,3 ± 3,7 cm, e índice de masa corporal: 27,5 ± 4,5 (17,5-49,4) kg/m2; 42% tenía sobrepeso y 26% obesidad. El Cuestionario SB los clasificó en tres categorías: Riesgo alto (RA): 43 funcionarios (3,2%), 50 ± 10,5 años; riesgo moderado: 215 (16,1%), 45,6 ± 11,4 años y riesgo bajo: 1.074 (80,6%), 36,2 ± 10,6 años. En hombres, la edad y los puntajes de los cuestionarios de sueño fueron diferentes en las tres categorías de riesgo (p = 0,003 y 0,001). En mujeres, los puntajes de los cuestionarios fueron distintos en los tres grupos de riesgo, no hubo diferencias en la escala de Epworth (p = 0,274), ni en la edad (p = 0,08). La escala Mallampati no permitió predecir el riesgo de SAHOS en ambos sexos. CONCLUSIONES: El cuestionario SB identificó a 9,8% de los hombres con riesgo alto de SAHOS. En los hombres, la edad, cuestionario SB, Flemons, Epworth y Thornton, fueron diferentes en las tres categorías de riesgo de SAHOS. En las mujeres, la edad y escala de Epworth fueron similares en las tres categorías de riesgo.


INTRODUCTION: In Chile, it is estimated that 8.5% of adults are at high risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of OSA in health workers. MATERIAL AND METHOD: clinical and anthropometric data, blood pressure, STOP-Bang (CSB) questionnaires, Flemons index and Epworth and Thornton scales were assessed in workers from Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile. RESULTS: 1,332 workers were evaluated, 77.1% women, neck circumference: 35.7 ± 3.7 cm (26-54), waist circumference: 89.3 ± 3.7 cm, and body mass index: 27.5 ± 4.5 (17.5-49.4) kg/m2; 42% were overweight and 26% obese. The SB Questionnaire classified them into three risk categories: High risk (HR): 43 workers (3.2%), 50 ± 10.5 years-old; moderate risk: 215 (16.1%), 45.6 ± 11.4 years-old and low risk: 1,074 (80.6%), 36.2 ± 10.6 years-old. In men, age and sleep questionnaire scores were different in the three risk categories (p = 0.003 and 0.001). In women, the sleep questionnaire scores were different in the three risk groups, there were no differences in the Epworth scale (p = 0.274), nor in age (p = 0.08). The Mallampati scale did not allow predict OSA risk in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The SB questionnaire identified 9.8% of the men with high risk of OSA. In men, age, SB questionnaire, Flemons index, Epworth and Thornton scale, were different in the three OSA risk categories. In women, the age and Epworth scale were similar in the different risk categories.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Pessoal de Saúde , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Modelos Logísticos , Chile , Antropometria , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Etários , Medição de Risco/métodos , Previsões
4.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 34(2): 102-110, ago. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-959414

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: En 2009 la Influenza A H1N1pdm09 provocó en Chile 12.258 casos y 155 muertes. Objetivo: Analizar en adultos egresados de Clínica Dávila con influenza, en 2009, 2010, 2012 y 2014, soporte ventilatorio, costo de hospitalización, Grupos Relacionados por el Diagnóstico (GRD) y letalidad. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo usando la ficha médica electrónica. Resultados: Egresaron 115.673 adultos, 338 (0,29%) con diagnóstico de Influenza, edad 56,5 ± 22 años, 59% mujeres, letalidad 4%. Hubo 3 grupos, Grupo 1: sin ningún soporte ventilatorio, 295 pacientes, edad 63 ± 20, estadía 6,6 ± 6,9 días, costo promedio de hospitalización $2.885.261, mediana peso GRD 0,41 (p25 = 0,38 y p75 = 0,62), letalidad 1,01% (3 pacientes). Grupo 2: Ventilación mecánica no invasiva (VMNI), 23 casos, edad 77,1 ± 13, letalidad 22% (5 casos), estadía 16,8 ± 12,4, costo $9.245.242, GRD 0,79 (p25 = 0,62 y p75=1,03). Grupo 3: Intubación y ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI), 20 pacientes, edad 56,4 ± 15, estadía 36,9 ± 41,4, costo $38.681.099, GRD 5,86 (p25 = 5,82 y p75 = 5,86) y letalidad 30% (6 pacientes). Los GRD grupo VMI versus grupo VMNI y ningún soporte fueron diferentes (p < 0,0001 y p < 0,0001 respectivamente). La letalidad por influenza el 2014 fue de 8,5%, mientras que en los años 2012, 2010 y 2009 fue 1,5%, 3% y 2,5% respectivamente. La mediana de edad el año 2009 fue 37,5 años, menor que la de los otros años (p < 0,0001). Conclusiones: En 2009 los pacientes fueron más jóvenes, la necesidad de soporte ventilatorio provocó un peso GRD, estadía, costo y letalidad mayores que aquellos que no lo requirieron.


Introduction: In 2009 Influenza A H1N1pdm09 caused in Chile 12,258 cases and 155 deaths. Objective: To analyze ventilatory support, cost of hospitalization, Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) and lethality in adults patients with influenza discharged from our institution, during 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2014. Patients and Method: Retrospective descriptive study using electronic medical records. Results: 115,673 adults were discharged, 338 (0.29%) with diagnosis of Influenza, age 56.5 ± 22 yr.o., 59% women, lethality 4%. There were 3 groups, Group 1: without any ventilatory support, 295 patients, age 63 ± 20, stay 6.6 ± 6.9 days, average cost of hospitalization 2,885,261 clp, medium weight DRG 0.41 (p25 = 0.38) andp75 = 0.62), lethality 1.01% (3 patients). Group 2: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV), 23 cases, age 77.1 ± 13, lethality 22% (5 cases), stay 16.8 ± 12.4, cost 9,245,242 clp, DRG 0.79 (p25 = 0.62 and p75 = 1.03). Group 3: Intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 20 patients, age 56.4 ± 15, stay 36.9 ± 41.4, cost 38.681.099 clp, DRG 5.86 (p25 = 5.82 and p75 = 5,86) and lethality 30% (6 patients). The DRG group VMI versus group VMNI and no support were different (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001 respectively). The lethality for influenza in 2014 was 8.5%, while in 2012, 2010 and 2009 it was 1.5%, 3% and 2.5% respectively. The median age in 2009 was 37.5 yr.o significantly minor, than the other years (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In 2009 the patients were younger, the need for ventilatory support led to a higher DRG weight, stay, cost and lethality than those who did not require it.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Respiração Artificial/instrumentação , Evolução Clínica , Chile/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Custos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Influenza Humana/mortalidade , Registros Eletrônicos de Saúde , Ventilação não Invasiva , Hospitalização
5.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 34(1): 10-18, 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-959404

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La ventilación mecánica no invasiva domiciliaria (VMNID) se entrega en Chile desde el año 2008 mediante un programa público. Incluye equipamiento y profesionales. Objetivos: 1) Caracterizar el perfil socio-demográfico y clínico del usuario adulto con VMNID y 2) Proponer mejoras de atención socio-sanitaria. Método. Estudio descriptivo transversal, mediante entrevista presencial domiciliaria y revisión de bases de datos oficiales. Muestra de 267 sujetos, ambos géneros, mayores de 20 años, con Falla Respiratoria Global Crónica (FRGC) en VMNID. En 2016 había 413 pacientes activos. Resultados: Mujeres 144 (53,9%), edad media 58,6 ± 18 años. 25,5% tienen EPOC y 24% síndrome hipoventilación obesidad, la PaCO2 promedio de ingreso al programa fue de 59 ± 11 mmHg. Ventilados desde 3,2 ± 2,4 años, por 7,6 ± 2,4 h/día. Sujetos "sin instrucción" y con "educación básica incompleta" representan el 40,7% de la muestra. 46,4% eran jubilados, 3% vive en mediaguas, 19,8% reside como allegado, 49% no contaba con pareja, el 4,8% vivía solo, 68,6% eran dependientes de oxígeno. Test de Golberg estuvo alterado en un 40%. 17,7% "posee mayor limitación, incapaz de realizar el autocuidado". Conclusiones: Nuestros pacientes tienen un deterioro socio-demográfico y clínico severo, por baja escolaridad, predominio de adultos mayores, mayor incapacidad laboral, son enfermos más graves con niveles basales de PaCO2 más altos, en comparación a estudios europeos. Los programas de VMNID deben adoptar un enfoque socio-sanitario y estar insertos en la red de salud tanto en servicio social, salud cardiovascular y mental.


Introduction: Non-invasive home mechanical ventilation (NIHMV) is delivered in Chile since 2008 throughout a public program, including equipment and professionals. Objectives: 1) Characterize the socio-demographic and clinical profile of the adult patient under NIHMV and 2) Propose improvements in social health care. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study, through face-to-face home interview and review of official databases. Sample of 267 subjects, both gender, over 20 years-old, with Chronic Global Respiratory Failure (CGRF) in NIHMV. In 2016 there were 413 active patients. Results: Women 144 (53.9%), mean age 58.6 ± 18 years-old; 25.5% had COPD and 24% had a hypoventilation obesity syndrome, average PaCO2 at the time of admission to program was 59 ± 11 mmHg, they were ventilated since 3.2 ± 2.4 years, 7.6 ± 2.4 h a day. Subjects "without instruction" and with "incomplete basic education" represents 40.7% of the sample. 46.4% were retired persons; 3% lived in a precarious hut; 19.8% cohabited with relatives or close friends; 49% did not have a partner; 4.8% lived alone; 68.6% was oxygen dependent; 40% had an altered Golberg test; 17.7% "has a major limitation, unable to perform self-care". Conclusions: Our patients have a severe socio-demographic and clinical deterioration, due to low schooling level, predominance of older adults, a major incapacity for working and patients have a more severe disease with higher baseline PaCO2 levels, compared to European studies. NIHMV programs must adopt a social health approach and be inserted into the health network in social service, and cardiovascular and mental health programs.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Respiração Artificial , Ventilação não Invasiva/métodos , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Síndrome de Hipoventilação por Obesidade , Chile , Demografia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Fatores Etários , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Programação de Serviços de Saúde
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 129(12): 1395-1403, dic. 2001. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-310215

RESUMO

Background: Home oxygen therapy is the only intervention that significantly prolongs survival of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Since this therapy is expensive, it is imperative to calculate its cost-benefit ratio. Aim: To compare health care costs for patients in a home oxygen therapy program, with those of a similar group of patients in a waiting list for this therapy. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of 21 patients on home oxygen therapy for 36 months or less and a group of 13 patients in the waiting list during a similar lapse. Medical consultations, drugs delivered and the cost of oxygen therapy were considered among ambulatory costs. Hospitalization costs included the number of days on regular or intermediary care beds, laboratory tests and drugs delivered. Results: The annual health care costs for patients on home oxygen therapy were 709,656 Chilean pesos and the costs for patients in the waiting list were 797,320 Chilean pesos. Conclusions: The overall health care costs of home oxygen therapy are similar to the costs required by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remaining in waiting lists


Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/economia , Oxigenoterapia/economia , Listas de Espera , Serviços Hospitalares de Assistência Domiciliar/economia
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